Gist
What is a cyclone?
• A large-scale, rotating storm system characterized by intense low
pressure, strong winds, and heavy rainfall.
• Known by different
names depending on the region: hurricanes (Atlantic/Eastern
Pacific), typhoons (Western Pacific), and simply cyclones (Indian
Ocean).
Climate and Cyclones: Formation Factors
• Warm ocean temperatures: Cyclones draw energy from warm ocean
waters (above 26.5°C).
• Atmospheric instability: Favorable
atmospheric conditions promote rising air and storm development.
• Coriolis effect: Earth's rotation causes storms to spin.
• Location
Cyclones typically form within tropical and subtropical latitudes.
Ecological Impact of Cyclones
Coastal habitats
Severe erosion and changes in coastal landscapes.
Destruction of
mangroves, dunes, and other ecologically critical areas.
Freshwater ecosystems
Flooding can alter river systems and displace aquatic life.
Saltwater intrusion can harm freshwater ecosystems and
biodiversity.
Forests
High winds can uproot trees and cause significant damage to forest
habitats. Increased risk of landslides and soil erosion.
Wildlife
Direct mortality as well as habitat loss and disruption of food chains affects wildlife populations.
Human impact
Displaced populations and severe impacts on agriculture and fisheries.
Climate Change and Cyclones
• While there's no clear consensus on increased frequency, climate change is likely to affect
• Intensity: Warmer oceans lead to potentially stronger cyclones.
• Rainfall: Warmer air holds more moisture, potentially leading to heavier rainfall and flooding.
• Distribution: Changes in ocean currents and temperature patterns could result in cyclones affecting new regions
• Overall, cyclones are a powerful force of nature driven by specific climatic conditions. They have significant ecological impacts, and climate change is a growing concern for their potential severity and effects.